The history of democracy -- the history of empowering people by giving them a say in their political entities—traces back to Athens to its re-emergence and rise from the 17th century to the present day. According to one definition, democracy is a political system in which all the members of the society have an equal share of formal political power. In modern representative democracy, this formal equality is embodied primarily in the right to vote.

Definitions

tyrant - a cruel and oppressive dictator 
hoplite - A heavily armed foot soldier of ancient Greece
democracy - the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives 
agora - A place of congregation, especially an ancient Greek marketplace
acropolis - the citadel in ancient Greek towns
aristocrat - a member of the aristocracy

Greece! part 5!

431 B.C. Athens wanted war against Sparta, they would not retreat. The Athenians were never one to fight. Pericles made a very complicated, Athenians would leave the land and be supported by the navy, he would also use the navy to defeat the Spartans (doesnt work).

Egyptian Rap

Makin pyramids is what the Egyptians did,

 all day everyday with no pay,

Kristy Kim and Mo Mo scared to do what I do,

rappin bout Egyptians

 so dope its like prescriptions

Mummies get rapped and trapped

In a tomb of doom

If they come back alive ill kill em boom

They  love their cats but their were no rats

So they died and the people cried

They lived in a desert but never got dessert

No ice cream so they might scream

And they’ll dream about the cats it was extreme

Exquisite but you don’t get it

Greece! Part tres!

The ordinary people of Athens took control, they rose up in revolution. Isageous and Spartas run up on the acropolis, the year was 508 B.C. This was the first time they turned on their ruler and took command. Cleistenes was asked to build a government. He had to give the Athenians a way to be able to speak for themselves. The citizens had a meeting where they could address their ideas. The government was not about power it is what is not called democracy! They met every 9 days on stuff like taxes, wars and building roads. A new generation took on his way of ruling. They would defend Athens from Persia and Spartans. 490B.C. Pheidippides made the most estonishing athletic feat ever. Now was our modern day marathon. He ran for survival, Persians were going to attack. Persians were ruled by Darius, known by the Athens as the great king. Some had to cover their mouth so they didn't tant the air he breathed. He ran 140 miles from Athens to Sparta in just two days (AMAZING), help would be refused. Didnt matter the Greeks won! The Persians scattered and slaughtered tons of Greeks in one day. Themistocles

Greece! Part 4!

Themistocles was touchy because he didn't come into power the right way. Themistocles has learned leadership skills at the podium and show to be the greatest leader. He realized that the Persian, if they came, would be there to win and never give up. Themistocles invented a boat, that was state of the art, it was light weight and fast. With it you ram other ships, but they were very expensive and they probably couldn't have gotten them if it wasn't for luck. The Athenians discovered silver, worth over 100 tallens, they wanted to it but Themistocles wanted to spend the money on ships. He played a buff, and told them the ships would be used for a hometown rival instead of Persia, they built the greatest naval fleet ever known. The Persian kind Darius died and Xerxes, his son, had taken over. Xerxes  army was the biggest force ever mad, the word reached Athens that Persia was coming. It was said they drank away rivers and that Persia was set to take over the world, that God could only see Persian land. The orical of Delphi built around a separate cavern with its own spring and asked questions to the Gods. People asked questions about their private life. They got bad news and they evacuated Athens for the first time ever. Themistocles wanted to meet at Salamis a tiny island off the coast. Xerxes entered the city and burnt it to the ground, and people could see the smoke. Themistocles wanted to fight in the straight of Salamas and Xerxes wanted to crush them, the had to find a way to get Xerxes to come by saying Themistocles was scared and it worked. Xerxes watched his army dying from his golden thrown on the shore. The Persians lost 200 ships and the Athenians won, which means they cant protect themselves. Themistocles had beaten the best Empire of all time. There was a new dawn for Greece, it had a momentum of its on and were on the road to becoming a superpower. They founded the Delian League and the Greeks would pool together and it was Athens empire. PERICLES, he was the leader of Athens at its high point. He knew what the Athenians wanted, an empire.

Greece part dos!!

508 B.C. in a town called Athens pandemonium in the streets demanding freedom, one man looked on, a noble men Cleisthenes. He had been brought up to rule the people, but that night would be a turning point in his life and the history of Greece and the people should have the right to govern themselves which Cleistenies agreed. He was born around 470 B.C. told he was an aristocratic. The aristocratic controlled everything in Athens. In the days of his youth it seemed impossible for them to rule an empire. The town was built upon an acropolis. In the narrow streets below were farms and tradesmen and there was nothing called science or medicine. 15 years was a command age to die. Athens hardly seemed a state on the virtue building an empire. Egypt and Persia were perfect to built an empire. Main land Greece had no rivers and was covered with mountains, it was impossible for on person to rule. They were divided into city-states, which all had their own histories. In the south of Greece, Sparta, Spartans were brought up to be warriors and had few possessions. They werent scared of dying because dying was nothing to them, almost better then life. Cleistenes had all the odds against him to build an empire but then again Cleistenes had a great will. If there was on thing that motivated Cleistenes and his people it was their stories. Their stories shaped him from his earlies days, Iliad and Odyssey composed by Homer the poet are two stories still kept to this day. They tell of mighty battles and at their heart lay the hero's, called Epics. They were determined for success at all costs. To purse a life of glory one through strength and power, and to become a real, live hero was how Cleistenes was raised. A tyrant or a great ruler, one day a man rode into Athens with a women Athena, a goddess, he claimed but was just a tall women from a neighboring village. He became the ruler of Athens, Pisistratus, Cleistenes brother-in-law. As he consolidated his rule had far more idea then just ruling, if he wanted to maintain his rule he would have to find allies. He turned to the Athenians for support, he reduced taxes and gave loans by that he began to transform Athens. Olive trees allow people to do so many things, it was very valuable and Athens produced great olives and had a market for them. Greece had great civilizations all around it. Everyone had something to sell, olives, fish, gold and silver. Athenians saw their wealth and prosperity on the rise. Pottery was not important back then but now is worth more. A potter wasn't the scum of Athenian society but didn't have much respect. Potters mad a style still popular today, and vases worth millions of dollars today. Cleistene's grew into a man under Pisistratus rule. Pisistratus died and his son Hippias took over as ruler. Soon Athenians found he was terrible. In the year 514 B.C. Hippias's brother was murdered and he had the murderers killed and killed on of their wifes. Hippias became suspicious of everybody. His son had no cause to do anything, and life with him became very dangerous, and he knew the aristocratic were his biggest threat. Cleistenes tried to overthrow Hippias, which would make him a hero and would be a big achievement and made a plan to take over Athens. Hippias was captured and banned from Athens forever, and Athens began to change.

Greece!

Located near Persia and Italy, north of Egypt. Mountainous peninsula that covers 3/4s of the land. Approximately 1,400 islands in the Aegean and Ionia Seas, Location shaped the culture with skilled sailors.
Poor natural resources and difficult to unite the ancient Greeks because of the terrain; developed small, independent communities. Approximately 20% suitable for farming, fertile valleys cover 1/4 of peninsula. Because of geography the Greeks diet consist of grains, grapes and olives. Lack of resources leads to Greek colonization, temperatures range from 48 in the winter and 80 in the summer. The Mycenaeans began around 2000 B.C., Mycenae is located on a rocky ridge and protected by the 20 ft. thick wall. Mycenaean kings dominated Greece from 1600 - 1200 B.C. and controlled trade and region. Around 1200 B.C. sea people began to invade Mycenae and burnt palace after palace, the Dorians moved into the war-torn region, far less advanced, economy collapsed, and writing disappeared for 400 years. Only stories were kept and passed on by  word of mouth, Homer lived at the end of the "Greek Dark Ages". Recorded stories of the Trojan War in The lliad and the Odyssey. Trojan war was probably one of the last conquest of the Mycenaeans.

The Greeks

508 B.C. in Athens people turned on their rulers demanding freedom.One man looked on named Clystinies, he saw regular people shaking their destinies and governing themselves. Athens was right in the middle of the mediterranean. Reading and writing was a rare skill and people only lived to be 15 years old. Athenians were ruled by aristicrats. Athens didnt have the unity that other civilizations had through out the world. Greece split into a bunch of tiny nations called city-states. One city-state seemed to have all the power called Sparta. People were brought up to be warriors. They had taken control of all the land around them in Clystinies time. The stories  inspired Clystinies and his people. Athena was like a Goddess. Olive trees allow people to have cooking oil and olives and the Athenian olive was the best there was anywhere at the time. Hipias ruled just like his father. Historians tell us that Hipias's brother was murdered.

Egypt Now

Egypts economy:
 - tourism
 - Oil, natural gas, manufacturing
 - Agriculture: making most of their limited arable land (3%)
       cotton, corn, rice, wheat, fava beans
 - The old pattern of dealing with the Nile has changed in 1970 building a damn
 - The damn controls the flooding of the Nile, and increases the amount of reclaimed land
Egypts demographics:
 - 79 million people
 - Cairo: 6.7 million, NYC: 8.3 million
 - Official language: Arabic
 - Religion: around 90% Muslim, rest are Christian

Ancient Egypt:
 - Geography (The Nile)
     1) Egyptian life is centered around the Nile River
     2) Nile River gives water for drinking, irrigating and bathing
     3) Every July the Nile floods (first to make calenders)
     4) Every October it leaves rich soil
     5) The Delta is a broad, marshy area of fertile silt
     6) Managing the Nile required technology
 - Daily life
     1) Pharaohs, Nobles/Priest, Soldiers, Scribes, Merchants, Artisans, Farmers, Slaves
     2) Slaves helped the wealthy with household and child raising
     3) Farmers raised wheat, barely, lentils and onions
     4) Artisans carved statues and reliefs showing military battles and scenes in the afterlife.
     5) Money/barter system was used - merchants might accept bags of grain for payment.
     6) Scribes kept records, told stories and wrote poetry (hieroglyphs)
     7) Soldiers used wooden weapons w/ bronze tips and might ride chariots
     8) Upper class, known as the "white kilt class" - priests, physicians and engineers
     9) Pharaohs were religious and political leader (dynastic)
 - Pharaohs
     1) The political and religious leader of the Egyptian people, known as "The Lord of the Two Lands"
     2) Leaders of upper and lower Egypt
     3) Hatshepsut was a woman who served as pharaoh (woman were faily equal)
     4) Cleopatra VII also served as pharaoh, but much later (51-30 BC)
 - Gods & Goddess
 - Pyramids
     1) The Great Sphinx of Giza (most famous)
     2) Built 2555 - 2532BC
     3) A recumbent lion with a human's head
     4) Oldest monumental statue in the world